OLED vs QLED: which is the best TV technology?

Despite sharing names that are almost identical, OLED and QLED are two very different panel technologies.

OLED refers to a self-emissive technology, in which each pixel is individually controlled and therefore can light itself without impacting the surrounding pixels. This results in the trademark deep, inky blacks found on OLED TVs.

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WOLED or W-OLED) panels are made up of a carbon-based organic compound sandwiched between two electrodes. When an electrical current is passed through these layers, they emit a white light (hence the ‘W’ in ‘WOLED’), which is then passed through an RGB colour filter to make a picture – and part of what makes OLED so good is that this is all possible on a pixel-by-pixel basis.

All of the standard OLED TV panels on the market, even those used by Panasonic, Sony, Philips and others, are currently made by LG Display. QD-OLED panels, though, are a different beast and require their own explanation…

QD-OLED is a hybrid panel technology (used in the likes of Samsung’s flagship S95D and the upcoming Sony Bravia 8 II), which takes the basic premise of OLED but throws in a layer of tiny quantum dots (which we’ll talk about in the QLED section) over the pixel layer, breaking each one down to red, green and blue subpixels from the get-go – with no need for a colour filter.

The argument is that, since the light doesn’t have to pass through a luminance-sapping filter, QD-OLED can get brighter than traditional or regular OLED.

Of course, regular OLED has recently employed some newer tricks to keep up with this development. Within the last three years, we’ve seen the emergence and subsequent discontinuation of Micro Lens Array OLED (MLA OLED), which utilised millions of microscopic lenses to direct light towards the user for a brighter picture overall. It featured on a handful of notable TVs, including the LG G4, Panasonic Z95A and Philips OLED909.

This has been replaced this year, despite only being on the market for two years. Primary RGB Tandem OLED is its successor, which features a four-stack panel architecture with red and green layers stacked between blue layers, which boosts the panel’s brightness to new heights.

It’s already proven to be an even better option for flagship OLED TVs, offering higher peak brightness figures and richer colours on TVs such as the five-star LG G5 and Panasonic Z95B.

What is QLED?

TCL C8K 85-inch TV — The U8N is Hisense’s flagship QLED TV from its 2024 TV range, featuring a Mini LED backlight and a quantum dot layer for enhanced colours. (Image credit: What Hi-Fi? / Netflix, Our Living World)

QLED is based on LED TV technology, and the big difference here compared with OLED is that instead of pixels that emit their own light, there’s a backlight filled with LEDs, clustered into small independently controllable zones, which produce the light for your TV.

QLED vs LCD feature.

Samsung has been most commonly associated with QLED TVs, but actually other manufacturers including LG (under the brand name QNED), Hisense, Sony and TCL also use the technology.

‘Neo QLED’, on the other hand, is the Samsung-only branding for its Mini LED TVs. We have a wider comparison of Mini LED vs OLED, but Neo QLED is Samsung’s specific take on the tech, which adds in a layer of quantum dots in a similar way to regular QLEDs.

Apart from that, it works like any other Mini LED TV, using much smaller LEDs in the backlight, which are then also separated into many more zones. This enables Neo QLED TVs to go brighter, and also to have more precise control of the backlight, offering a contrast performance that has the potential to come much closer to OLED.

In the future, the gap could close further still. There have been a number of self-emissive QLEDs on display at industry events, including the world’s first 8K self-emitting QLED display designed by BOE.

Unlike traditional QLEDs though, the quantum dot film is replaced by quantum dot nanocrystals that can produce their own light when placed in an electric field. This means that, as with OLED, it doesn’t require a backlight, and each pixel can be individually dimmed as required.

Domestic application of this tech is still some way off, however, but it’s something to keep an eye on over the next few years – as is MicroLED.

contrast ratio.

Even with the improvements of backlight technology and the introduction of Mini LED in recent years, QLED TVs still can’t offer the same level of precision when it comes to light control.

For example, the flagship Samsung QN95D is thought to have more than 1300 independent dimming zones in the 65-inch version – a huge improvement on older QLEDs. But with every pixel of an OLED TV able to be controlled independently, that’s like having more than eight million independent dimming zones.

Ultimately, that means that QLED TVs are prone to blooming – where light bleeds into darker areas of the picture from a bright object, such as a candle’s flame or street lights on a dark night. Not only does this make for a so-so black level performance, it also affects the impact of high-contrast images.

You won’t experience blooming on OLEDs, meaning blacks stay black and the outlines of bright objects are precise – even against the darkest background.

Better viewing angles

If you have a living room with a number of sitting positions, an OLED TV may be better since they generally have more near-perfect viewing angles than QLED TVs. That means that colours and contrast will hold firm when viewed off to the side, whereas a QLED is more at risk of a drop in colour saturation and black level. Once again, there have been improvements here on the QLED side, but OLED is still much better.

There’s also more of a chance of uniformity issues with QLED TVs, which is where the backlight is not consistently bright across the whole panel, creating a knock-on effect on picture quality. This is much less common on QLED TVs than it was on older LCD TVs though – particularly those that were edge lit – and is often only really noticeable when viewing test patterns too.

WOLED TVs having a pink tinge, particularly to whites, when viewed at an angle. However, we haven’t found this to be an issue in more recent OLEDs, so only needs to be considered if you’re buying an OLED from a few years ago.

Faster response times

If you’re a gamer, the pixel-level control of OLED TVs means they tend to offer the fastest response times compared with QLED TVs. This ensures you get the clearest images in the most fast-paced games, which can help to give you a competitive edge when you need it.

The current crop of commercially available OLED TVs offers some of the fastest panels we’ve ever seen, with 144Hz and even 165Hz refresh rates becoming commonplace.

LG G5) and QD-OLED (used in the Samsung S95D and Sony A95L) technologies have upped OLED brightness levels significantly.

However, most OLED TVs still feature the ‘standard’ OLED panels, which are purposefully limited in terms of brightness in order to prevent burn-in (see more on this below). Ultimately, manufacturers have to be careful how hard they drive the panel so as not to increase the chance of burn-in, or image retention, and it’s only in the pricier next-gen panels that there have been some workarounds for this.

That means if you’re looking at more mid-range OLEDs, then QLED (and Neo QLED) have the edge here. That could make them a better choice for bright rooms since they’re able to more easily combat reflections from windows and other light sources.

OLED’s superior contrast performance arguably has the edge, but there’s no taking away from QLED that it’s capable of producing superb HDR pictures, particularly Neo QLED screens such as the Samsung QN95D, which offer even greater brightness.

Amazon’s Omni QLED proves you can get a decent QLED TV for a surprisingly low price, while the TCL C855K offers hundreds of dimming zones and a peak brightness figure double that of a typical OLED TV for under £1000 (it’s unfortunately not available in the US).

You’ll also have a greater choice of size with a QLED screen – at both ends of the price spectrum. This is starting to change, but there are still things to consider.

For example, it wasn’t long ago that you couldn’t get an OLED under 55 inches, but they now go as low as 42 inches in some ranges. The LG OLED42C4 is an excellent example.

However, as these ‘small’ OLEDs are currently produced in relatively low numbers, they tend to be only a bit cheaper than their 55-inch equivalents. The panels usually use less advanced technology too, resulting in lower peak brightness, and making QLED screens still well worth a look at this smaller size for the very best performance.

Thinking about a bigger TV? If you want a screen larger than 77 inches (and don’t have tens of thousands to spend), you’re most likely going to need to look to QLED – many of them now go up to 85 inches as standard and some go much larger still.

No risk of burn in

No head-to-head between OLED and QLED technology would be complete without a mention of burn-in – and QLED has the clear edge here since it isn’t susceptible to it at all.

But what is burn-in, exactly? The organic nature of the materials in an OLED panel means that there is the chance that a static image being displayed for some time, such as the logo in the corner of a TV channel or a sports score for example, could “burn in” to the screen and be left there permanently.

This was a big problem with plasma TVs, and an issue with earlier OLEDs. However, manufacturers have enlisted lots of preventative measures, such as dimming any on-screen logos automatically, very subtle “pixel shifts” so a static image isn’t as static as it appears, and various pixel refreshing strategies when the TV is off to ensure they’re all performing at their best.

It’s worth mentioning that we have never had image-retention problems with any of the OLEDs that we have tested, nor on the models that staff members have bought for use at home, so these strategies are obviously working.

That said, those manufacturers do still feel the need to warn customers about the potential for image retention, either in the TV’s manual or as a pop-up message on first installation – with QLED, you’ll have no such worry.

best TV, it’s always worth remembering that panel technology is only one part of the picture puzzle, and that a set’s processing will make the biggest difference to performance.

That’s why OLEDs from LG, Philips, Panasonic and Sony all look different in action, even though many use the same LG Display panel. QLEDs, even those all sold by Samsung, can have a lot of variabilities too, in terms of backlighting dimming zones, processor power, features and even resolution – our Samsung 2026 TVs page has all of the details to help break that down.

Ultimately, it’s just not as easy as saying one type of TV is better than the other – every model has to be judged on its individual merits, and where an OLED comes out on top in one head-to-head, a QLED TV might win out in another. That’s where our guide to the best TVs you can currently buy comes into its own, as well as all our in-depth expert TV reviews, too.